Forum Topic

I think the below link may help:https://www.theclassroom.com/spread-marxism-its-influence-russian-communism-8058.htmlBelow are some of the main points of difference between Trotsky and Lenin quoted from the above-mentioned linkLenin and Trotsky  ... often differed in their beliefs regarding how Marxist principles should be implemented. Lenin became the leader of the "Bolshevik" -- Russian for "majority" -- faction of the Communist Party while Trotsky was one of the leaders of the "Menshevik" or "minority" faction. Lenin and the Bolsheviks wanted the Communist Party to be led by a small, highly organized group who were loyal to the Party. Trotsky and the Mensheviks wanted the Communist Party to be larger, more inclusive and less centrally-organized.One of Trotsky's core beliefs was the concept of permanent revolution. Trotsky believed that the Communist Revolution should continue nonstop until the entire world was united in a worker's paradise. Lenin shared Trotsky's ideal of worldwide Communism, but believed it was more pragmatic to consolidate the victories in the Russian Revolution rather than actively spreading military revolution to other countries. Lenin believed that Russia's successful communist revolution would lead the working class and peasants in other countries to rise up in neighboring countries on their own.Lenin and Trotsky also differed in their approach to labor unions. Trotsky believed that the government of a true workers' movement had nothing to fear from labor unions. Lenin, in keeping with the Bolshevik ideal of vesting power in the hands of a small group of loyal Communists, believed that labor unions were unnecessary and potentially disruptive. In Lenin's view, control of industry and agricultural labor should be centralized and controlled by a dictatorial government.

Phil Hopkins ● 1882d

I think that this is by and large an accurate summary of the differences, although revolutionary theory was extremely complex and forever changing as were the factions and alliances within the Communist Party.The key difference, particularly as used nowadays, is Trotsky's concept, cited in the article, of Permanent Revolution - so I think groups fomenting homegrown revolution in a given country would probably describe themselves as Trotskyite, whilst groups looking to Moscow for leadership would probably describe themselves as Leninist - although I suspect that the lines get blurred!One point where I would disagree with the cited article is its link of Trotsky and the Mensheviks. Trotsky was indeed a member of the Mensheviks from 1903 to 1904, although I'm not sure that it would be accurate to call him a leader of that faction, but between 1904 and 1917 he was in neither faction, formally joining the Bolsheviks in 1917.  In between he agreed with one faction on some matters and with the other on others.  The Mensheviks were briefly in charge after the February Revolution of 1917 but were essentially wiped out after the October Revolution (although they were not outlawed until 1921), whilst Trotsky continued as a member of the Bolsheviks until his exile to Kazakhstan in 1928.The other point is that the differences between Leninism and Trotskyism are less than imagined - or at least the differences between Lenin and Trotsky themselves.  In fact Lenin wanted Trotsky as his deputy and successor.  The big split was between Stalin and Trotsky - Trotsky was in favour of world revolution, Stalin was in favour of "Socialism in One Country".  However, as far as I can see, their split was really more about power and influence than about ideology.

Andrzej Kowalski ● 1882d

Lenin and Trotsky worked together and neither would have accepted or recognised the "isms" that have been perpetrated in their names.In 1903, Trotsky supported the Mensheviks (minority group) in opposition to the Bolsheviks (majority group). He became a Bolshevik after the third Russian revolution in 1917.Trotsky's soubriquet was "The Pen" for his prolific writings, but in terms of political theory, is perhaps mostly known for the theory of "permanent revolution" which he developed from ideas originated by Marx and Engles half a century earlier and later Plekhanov. This posits that a single revolution is not possible in countries that have underdeveloped middle classes. Trotsky also contributed greatly to the theories regarding the popular front.Leninism originally referred to the premise that the creation of a party organisation is necessary to act as a vanguard for revolutionary change. It was a pragmatic response to the specific conditions pertaining in Russia at the turn of the 20thC underpinned by an understanding of Marx and, to a lesser extent, Engels.The pertinent and principal differences are not so much between Lenin and Trostky but Trotsky and Stalin. Trotsky and Lenin were internationalists. It was Stalin who retreated into "socialism in one country" a response perhaps to White Russians and their allies who successfully isolated Russia, especially after the failure of the German revolution and the assassination of Rosa Luxembourg and Karl Liebnecht.Neither Lenin nor Stalin (nor Marx and Engels fo that matter) regarded their theories as being blueprints that could be superimposed on any situation.

Charlotte Kasner ● 1881d

'Leninism' was a term invented by Stalin. It was more commonly used in conjunction with Marxism to form 'Marxism-Leninism' as the official ideology of the communist movement.  Parvus was the inventor of the term 'permanent revolution' which Trotsky borrowed.  The Mensheviks  (including Lenin's mentor Plekhanov) held that a socialist revolution could only succeed in an advanced country where the working class was a majority or at least the largest class.  E.g. Germany or Great Britain in contrast to Russia where the peasantry were by far the largest class. Plekhanov's view was thus that a bourgeois revolution was necessary to facilitate the capitalist development which would then enable a proletarian, socialist revolution.  Trotsky claimed that the February 1917 'bourgeois' revolution and its succession by the 'proletarian' revolution of October vindicated his theory of 'permanent revolution'.N.B.  All of the Bolshevik leaders looked to the French Revolution for lessons on how revolutions developed. The fall of Robespierre and the retreat from the most extreme positions being referred to as the 'Thermidorean reaction'.  In the Russian context that meant the restoration of bourgeois rule.  Inside Russia, this fear was used by Stalin to justify collectivisation.  As others on the thread have remarked, Stalin posed the theory of 'Socialism in one country' versus 'world revolution'. Neither 'Marxism-Leninism' or 'Trotskyism' can be said to have been coherent over time.  A good example is the division in Spain between the Anarchists and Trotsky influenced POUM on one side in favour of immediate revolutionary action  and the Communists on the other who wanted a continuation of the Popular Front alliance with the 'progressive bourgeois' against Franco. For them, postponing the revolution served two purposes, keeping the peasantry on-side in Spain and preserving the Franco-Soviet alliance against Nazi Germany. I'm simplifying here, of course. Trotsky wrote very perceptively about the need for an alliance between the working class and petit-bourgeois in pre-Hitler Germany.  Certainly a better strategy than Stalin's 'class against class' 1928-1934 policy, but Trotsky veered away from this when Stalin switched to the 'Popular Front'. Today 'Leninism' is used as a synonym for the concept of one party rule  in e.g. China or Cuba.  While 'Trotskyism' has crystallized around the concept of the 'transitional demand' i.e. a demand that in a strike or other struggle seems reasonable but cannot be met within the constraints of a capitalist system, with the aim of educating the working class as to the necessity of otherthrowing capitalism and exposing social democratic or other leaders. A good example, according to a writer in New Left Review, are Ireland's Trotskyists because of their successive campaigns against the imposition of water charges. They have carved out a space to the left of Sinn Fein. This has earned both the Soicalist Party (Militant) and the Socialist Workers Party representation in the Dail.

David McLoughlin ● 1880d